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Cobb County is a suburban county located in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2010 census, the population was 688,078,〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/13/13067.html )〕 making it the fourth-most populous county in Georgia. Its county seat and largest city is Marietta.〔(【引用サイトリンク】accessdate=2011-06-07 )〕 Cobb, along with several adjoining counties, was created on December 3, 1832, by the Georgia General Assembly from the huge Cherokee "county" territory—land northwest of the Chattahoochee River which the state confiscated from the Cherokee Nation and redistributed to settlers via lottery, following the passage of the federal Indian Removal Act.〔(Cobb County, Georgia )〕 The county was named for Thomas Willis Cobb, a United States representative and senator from Georgia. It is believed that Marietta was named for his wife, Mary. Cobb County is included in the ''Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell, GA Metropolitan Statistical Area''. It is situated immediately to the northwest of the city limits of Atlanta. Its Cumberland District, an edge city, encompasses over of office space. The U.S. Census Bureau ranks Cobb County as the most-educated in the state of Georgia and 12th among all counties in the United States.〔(ACS: Ranking Table – Percent of People 25 Years and Over Who Have Completed a Bachelor's Degree ) 〕 It has ranked among the top 100 wealthiest counties in the United States.〔(bizjournals: How 100 counties ranked in wealth )〕 ==History== Cobb County was one of nine Georgia counties carved out of the disputed territory of the Cherokee Nation in 1832. It was the 81st county in Georgia and named for Judge Thomas Willis Cobb, who served as a U.S. Senator, state congressman and Superior Court Judge. It is believed that the county seat of Marietta was named for Judge Cobb's wife, Mary. The state started acquiring right-of-way for a railroad in 1836. At train began running between Marietta and Marthasville (now Atlanta) in 1845.〔()〕 In the antebellum era, Marietta was a summer resort for residents of Savannah and Charleston fleeing Yellow Fever. During the American Civil War, some confederate troops were trained at a camp in Kennesaw.〔 There were battles of New Hope Church May 25, Pickett's Mill May 27, and Dallas May 28. The Battle of Allatoona Pass on October 28 occurred as Sherman was starting his March through Georgia. Union forces burnt most houses and confiscated or burnt crops. The Battle of Kennesaw Mountain June 27, 1864, was the site of the only major Confederate victory in General William T. Sherman's invasion of Georgia. Despite the victory, Union forces outflanked the Confederates. In 1915, Leo Frank, the Jewish supervisor of an Atlanta pencil factory who was convicted of murdering one of his workers, thirteen-year-old Mary Phagan, was kidnapped from his jail cell and brought to Frey's Gin, two miles (3 km) east of Marietta. There he was lynched. The case was widely perceived as a miscarriage of justice. Cotton farming in the area peaked from the 1890s through the 1920s. Low prices during the Great Depression resulted in the cessation of cotton farming throughout Cobb County. The price of Cotton went from 16 cents a pound in 1920 to 9.5 cents in 1930. This resulted in a Cotton Bust for the county, which had stopped growing the product but was milling it. This bust was in turn, followed by the Great Depression.〔〔()〕 To help combat the bust, the state started work on a road in 1922 that would later become US 41. In 1942, Bell Aircraft opened a Marietta plant to manufacture B-29 bombers and Marietta Army Airfield was founded. Both were closed after World War II, but reopened during the Korean War, when the air field was acquired by the Air Force, renamed Dobbins AFB, and the plant by Lockheed. During the Korean and Vietnam Wars, Lockheed Marietta was the leading manufacturer of military transport planes, including the C-130 Hercules and the C-5 Galaxy. "In Cobb County and other sprawling Cold War suburbs from Orange County to Norfolk/Hampton Roads, the direct link between federal defense spending and local economic prosperity structured a bipartisan political culture of hawkish conservatism and material self-interest on issues of national security."〔Matthew Lassiter, "Big Government and Family Values: Political Culture in the Metropolitan Sunbelt" Pg. 90 in ''Sunbelt Rising: The Politics of Place, Space and Region'' ed. Michelle Nickerson, Darren Dochuck〕 When home rule was enacted statewide by amendment to the Georgia state constitution in the early 1960s, Ernest W. Barrett became the first chairman of the new county commission. The county courthouse, built in 1888, was demolished. In the 1960s and 1970s, Cobb transformed from rural to suburban, as integration spurred white flight from the city of Atlanta, which by 1970 was majority-African-American. Real estate booms drew rural white southerners and Rustbelt transplants, both groups mostly first-generation white-collar. Cobb County was the home of former segregationist and Georgia governor Lester Maddox (1966–71). In 1975, Cobb voters elected John Birch Society leader Larry McDonald to Congress, running in opposition to desegregation busing. A conservative Democrat, McDonald called for investigations into alleged plots by the Rockefellers and the Soviet Union to impose 'socialist-one-world-government' and co-founded the Western Goals Foundation. In 1983, McDonald died aboard Korean airlines flight 007, shot down by a Soviet fighter over restricted airspace. In 1990, Republican Congressmen Newt Gingrich became Representative of a new district centered around Cobb County. In 1994, as Republicans took control of the House of Representatives for the first time in almost fifty years, Gingrich became Speaker of the House, thrusting Cobb County into the national spotlight. In 1993, county commissioners passed a resolution condemning homosexuality and cut off funding for the arts after complaints about a community theater. After protests from gay rights organizations, organizers of the 1996 Summer Olympics pulled events out of Cobb County. The county's inns are nevertheless filled at 100% of capacity for two months during the event.〔 In the 1990s and 2000s, Cobb's demographics changed. As Atlanta's gentrification reversed decades of white flight, middle-class African-Americans and Russian, Bosnian, Chinese, Indian, Brazilian, Mexican and Central American immigrants moved to older suburbs in South and West Cobb. In 2010, African-American Democrat David Scott was elected to Georgia's 13th congressional district, which included many of those suburbs. Cobb became the first Georgia county to participate in the Immigration and Nationality Act Section 287(g) enabling local law officers to enforce immigration law. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cobb County, Georgia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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